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Risk matrix
The risk matrix is derived — for each protection class — from the combination of the extent of damage or benefit (vertical) and the probability of occurrence (horizontal). In the matrix, the respective risk factors are multiplied to obtain the risk ratio. The larger the risk ratio, the more critical a risk is and the more urgently it must be addressed in order to prevent serious consequences. The risk matrix can also be used for opportunity management. In this approach, the axis of the extent of damage is expanded by benefit categories. The higher the opportunity factor (i.e., the further from zero), the greater the opportunity, and the more it should be exploited to reap the benefits.
Find more on risks and opportunities here.